Aghatavinaya Sutta: Subduing Hatred
translated from the Pali by
Thanissaro Bhikkhu
Then Ven. Sariputta addressed the monks: "Friend
monks."
"Yes, friend," the monks responded to him.
Ven. Sariputta said: "There are these five ways
of subduing hatred by which, when hatred arises in a monk, he should wipe it
out completely. Which five?
"There is the case where some people are impure
in their bodily behavior but pure in their verbal behavior. Hatred for a person
of this sort should be subdued.
"There is the case where some people are impure
in their verbal behavior but pure in their bodily behavior. Hatred for a person
of this sort should also be subdued.
"There is the case where some people are impure
in their bodily behavior & verbal behavior, but who periodically experience
mental clarity & calm. Hatred for a person of this sort should also be
subdued.
"There is the case where some people are impure
in their bodily behavior & verbal behavior, and who do not periodically
experience mental clarity & calm. Hatred for a person of this sort should
also be subdued.
"There is the case where some people are pure in
their bodily behavior & their verbal behavior, and who periodically
experience mental clarity & calm. Hatred for a person of this sort should
also be subdued.
"Now as for a person who is impure in his bodily
behavior but pure in his verbal behavior, how should one subdue hatred for him?
Just as when a monk who makes use of things that are thrown away sees a rag in
the road: Taking hold of it with his left foot and spreading it out with his
right, he would tear off the sound part and go off with it. In the same way,
when the individual is impure in his bodily behavior but pure in his verbal
behavior, one should at that time pay no attention to the impurity of his
bodily behavior, and instead pay attention to the purity of his verbal
behavior. Thus the hatred for him should be subdued.
"And as for a person who is impure in his verbal
behavior, but pure in his bodily behavior, how should one subdue hatred for
him? Just as when there is a pool overgrown with slime & water plants, and
a person comes along, burning with heat, covered with sweat, exhausted,
trembling, & thirsty. He would jump into the pool, part the slime &
water plants with both hands, and then, cupping his hands, drink the water and
go on his way. In the same way, when the individual is impure in his verbal
behavior but pure in his bodily behavior, one should at that time pay no
attention to the impurity of his verbal behavior, and instead pay attention to
the purity of his bodily behavior. Thus the hatred for him should be subdued.
"And as for a person who is impure in his bodily
behavior & verbal behavior, but who periodically experiences mental clarity
& calm, how should one subdue hatred for him? Just as when there is a
little puddle in a cow's footprint, and a person comes along, burning with
heat, covered with sweat, exhausted, trembling, & thirsty. The thought
would occur to him, 'Here is this little puddle in a cow's footprint. If I
tried to drink the water using my hand or cup, I would disturb it, stir it up,
& make it unfit to drink. What if I were to get down on all fours and slurp
it up like a cow, and then go on my way?' So he would get down on all fours,
slurp up the water like a cow, and then go on his way. In the same way, when an
individual is impure in his bodily behavior & verbal behavior, but
periodically experiences mental clarity & calm, one should at that time pay
no attention to the impurity of his bodily behavior...the impurity of his
verbal behavior, and instead pay attention to the fact that he periodically
experiences mental clarity & calm. Thus the hatred for him should be
subdued.
"And as for a person who is impure in his bodily
behavior & verbal behavior, and who does not periodically experience mental
clarity & calm, how should one subdue hatred for him? Just as when there is
a sick man — in pain, seriously ill — traveling along a road, far from the next
village & far from the last, unable to get the food he needs, unable to get
the medicine he needs, unable to get a suitable assistant, unable to get anyone
to take him to human habitation. Now suppose another person were to see him
coming along the road. He would do what he could out of compassion, pity, &
sympathy for the man, thinking, 'O that this man should get the food he needs,
the medicine he needs, a suitable assistant, someone to take him to human
habitation. Why is that? So that he won't fall into ruin right here.' In the
same way, when a person is impure in his bodily behavior & verbal behavior,
and who does not periodically experience mental clarity & calm, one should
do what one can out of compassion, pity, & sympathy for him, thinking, 'O
that this man should abandon wrong bodily conduct and develop right bodily
conduct, abandon wrong verbal conduct and develop right verbal conduct, abandon
wrong mental conduct and develop right mental conduct. Why is that? So that, on
the break-up of the body, after death, he won't fall into the plane of
deprivation, the bad destination, the lower realms, purgatory.' Thus the hatred
for him should be subdued.
"And as for a person who is pure in his bodily
behavior & verbal behavior, and who periodically experiences mental clarity
& calm, how should one subdue hatred for him? Just as when there is a pool
of clear water — sweet, cool, & limpid, with gently sloping banks, &
shaded on all sides by trees of many kinds — and a person comes along, burning
with heat, covered with sweat, exhausted, trembling, & thirsty. Having
plunged into the pool, having bathed & drunk & come back out, he would
sit down or lie down right there in the shade of the trees. In the same way,
when an individual is pure in his bodily behavior & verbal behavior, and
periodically experiences mental clarity & calm, one should at that time pay
attention to the purity of his bodily behavior...the purity of his verbal
behavior, and to the fact that he periodically experiences mental clarity &
calm. Thus the hatred for him should be subdued. An entirely inspiring
individual can make the mind grow serene.
"These are five ways of subduing hatred by which,
when hatred arises in a monk, he should wipe it out completely."
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